Citation Styles by University
Find out which citation style your university requires. From Harvard to Oxford, MIT to Cambridge—official referencing guidelines from the world's top institutions.
Top Northeastern US Universities
Harvard University
QS #4United States
Varies by department. Most sciences use APA, humanities use Chicago or MLA.
View official guidelinesMIT
QS #1United States
Engineering and CS departments predominantly use IEEE. Social sciences use APA.
Yale University
QS #9United States
Law School exclusively uses Bluebook. Humanities prefer Chicago, sciences use APA.
Princeton University
QS #17United States
Humanities and social sciences use Chicago. Natural sciences often use APA.
Columbia University
QS #23United States
Default style is Chicago unless department specifies otherwise.
University of Pennsylvania
QS #12United States
Wharton and social sciences use APA. Humanities use Chicago or MLA.
Cornell University
QS #13United States
APA for most disciplines. Agriculture and life sciences may use CSE.
Brown University
QS #60United States
Chicago for humanities. APA for sciences and social sciences.
NYU
QS #38United States
APA for social sciences. Tisch uses MLA, Stern uses APA.
Carnegie Mellon
QS #52United States
CS and engineering use IEEE or ACM. Business uses APA.
Top Midwestern US Universities
University of Chicago
QS #11United States
Birthplace of Chicago style. Turabian is also common (Chicago variant).
Northwestern University
QS #47United States
APA for most programs. Medill (journalism) uses AP. Medical uses AMA.
University of Michigan
QS #33United States
APA for social sciences. Ross (business) uses APA.
Top Western US Universities
Stanford University
QS #3United States
Chicago is preferred for most disciplines. STEM departments may use APA or IEEE.
UC Berkeley
QS #27United States
Most departments accept APA. Engineering uses IEEE.
UCLA
QS #29United States
APA is standard across most departments. Anderson (business) uses APA.
Caltech
QS #10United States
Engineering uses IEEE. Chemistry uses ACS. Physics uses AIP.
UC San Diego
QS #62United States
STEM-focused. APA for social sciences, IEEE for engineering.
University of Washington
QS #63United States
APA is institutional preference. Medical uses Vancouver or AMA.
Top Southern US Universities
Duke University
QS #23United States
APA for most programs. Medical uses Vancouver or AMA.
University of Texas at Austin
QS #58United States
APA is most common. McCombs (business) uses APA.
Rice University
QS #88United States
APA for social sciences. Engineering uses IEEE.
Top UK & British Universities
University of Oxford
QS #2United Kingdom
MHRA for humanities. OSCOLA for law. Sciences may use Harvard or APA.
View official guidelinesUniversity of Cambridge
QS #5United Kingdom
Author-date (Harvard) is most common. Law uses OSCOLA, medicine uses Vancouver.
Imperial College London
QS #6United Kingdom
Harvard for most sciences. Medicine uses Vancouver, engineering uses IEEE.
UCL
QS #8United Kingdom
Harvard is institutional standard. Psychology uses APA, medicine uses Vancouver.
University of Edinburgh
QS #22United Kingdom
Harvard for most subjects. Specific departments may require alternative styles.
LSE
QS #45United Kingdom
LSE Harvard style (author-date variant). Law uses OSCOLA.
King's College London
QS #40United Kingdom
Harvard is institutional standard. Law uses OSCOLA.
University of Manchester
QS #32United Kingdom
Manchester Harvard variant. Medicine uses Vancouver.
University of Bristol
QS #55United Kingdom
Harvard for most subjects. Law uses OSCOLA.
University of Warwick
QS #69United Kingdom
Harvard is institutional standard. Business school uses Harvard.
Top European Universities
ETH Zurich
QS #7Switzerland
Engineering and sciences use IEEE. Some departments use APA or ISO 690.
University of Amsterdam
QS #53Netherlands
APA 7th edition is institutional preference.
EPFL
QS #36Switzerland
Engineering focus. IEEE standard for most programs.
TU Munich
QS #37Germany
Engineering uses IEEE. Some programs use German standards.
LMU Munich
QS #59Germany
APA for social sciences. Humanities may use Chicago.
KU Leuven
QS #61Belgium
APA 7th is institutional standard.
University of Copenhagen
QS #109Denmark
APA for most programs. Medical uses Vancouver.
Top Australian Universities
University of Melbourne
QS #13Australia
APA 7th edition is institutional standard. Law uses AGLC.
University of Sydney
QS #19Australia
APA for most disciplines. Medicine and nursing use Vancouver.
ANU
QS #30Australia
APA is most common. Humanities may use Chicago.
University of Queensland
QS #43Australia
APA 7th is standard. Law uses AGLC 4th edition.
Monash University
QS #42Australia
APA is institutional preference. Law uses AGLC.
UNSW Sydney
QS #19Australia
APA for most programs. Law uses AGLC.
Top Canadian Universities
University of Toronto
QS #21Canada
APA for sciences and social sciences. Humanities use Chicago or MLA.
McGill University
QS #30Canada
APA is standard. Law uses McGill Guide to Uniform Legal Citation.
University of British Columbia
QS #34Canada
APA for most programs. Sauder (business) uses APA.
University of Waterloo
QS #112Canada
Engineering focus. IEEE for STEM, APA for arts.
Top Asian Universities
Tsinghua University
QS #20China
Engineering uses IEEE. Some programs use Chinese national standard.
Peking University
QS #14China
APA for international programs. Chinese standard for domestic.
University of Tokyo
QS #28Japan
APA for most international programs.
Seoul National University
QS #31South Korea
APA is standard for most programs.
Hong Kong University
QS #17Hong Kong
APA 7th is institutional standard.
Top Singapore Universities
NUS
QS #8Singapore
APA 7th edition is most common. Engineering uses IEEE.
View official guidelinesNTU
QS #26Singapore
Engineering-focused university. IEEE for STEM, APA for social sciences.
Generate Citations in Your University's Style
Create perfectly formatted citations in APA, Harvard, Chicago, OSCOLA and 15+ other styles.