Citation Examples
Vancouver Citation Examples
Real Vancouver citation examples for websites, books, journal articles, and more. See numbered reference format for medical and scientific writing.
Template
Author AA. Title of book. Edition. Place: Publisher; Year.Reference list entry
Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC. Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disease. 10th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2021.
In-text citation
(1)Journal Article
Template
Author AA. Article title. Journal Abbrev. Year;Volume(Issue):Pages. doi:Reference list entry
Smith JD, Johnson MR. Treatment outcomes in clinical trials. N Engl J Med. 2023;389(12):1102-1115. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2301234.
In-text citation
(1)Website
Template
Author. Title [Internet]. Place: Publisher; Year [cited Date]. Available from: URLReference list entry
World Health Organization. Diabetes [Internet]. Geneva: WHO; 2024 [cited 2024 Mar 20]. Available from: https://www.who.int/health-topics/diabetes
In-text citation
(1)Article
Template
Author. Title. Publication. Year Mon Day;Section:Pages.Reference list entry
Smith J. New treatment shows promise for rare disease. The Times. 2024 Mar 15;Health:12.
In-text citation
(1)Vancouver formatting tips
- 1Use numbered references in order of appearance (like IEEE).
- 2No spaces between author initials (e.g., "Smith JD" not "Smith J. D.").
- 3Abbreviate journal names using NLM/PubMed abbreviations.
- 4Do not italicize any titles.
Frequently asked questions
What is the difference between Vancouver and IEEE?
Both use numbered references, but Vancouver follows medical/ICMJE conventions (no italics, NLM abbreviations) while IEEE follows engineering conventions (italicized titles, IEEE abbreviations).
How many authors should I list in Vancouver?
List up to 6 authors. For works with 7 or more authors, list the first 6 followed by "et al."
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